I am writing a book on artificial intelligence, what are the biggest challenges that you have had applying AI to your business or to clients?

One of the biggest challenges I’ve seen when applying AI to business is bridging the gap between technical capabilities and real-world needs. Many clients expect AI to be a magic fix, but they often underestimate the importance of clean, structured data. Another major hurdle is aligning AI models with existing workflows—people resist change, and integration takes time. There’s also the ethical aspect: making sure the AI is transparent and fair, especially when it influences decisions. Lastly, maintaining trust is critical. If an AI system fails even once, stakeholders lose confidence quickly. Balancing innovation with reliability is always a tightrope walk.

AI has some very common roadblocks:
1. Most data scientists are expected to be their own product owners. Meaning, data scientists - who are programmers and mathematicians by training - are expected to become students of macroeconomics, supply and demand, marketing, customer qualification, pain points and value propositions, market definition, and the many other nuances of product strategy. This usually happens because most companies don't have a discipline of placing a product strategist/owner/manager as the head of the AI efforts. Product management has very well-defined frameworks for building web-based/mobile apps (SaaS apps). But very little has been done to articulate how to design a good algorithm, how to define metrics and dimensions and ML objectives so that a data scientist can hit the ground running, armed with clarity. Hence, most AI initiatives in non-AI companies fall flat on their faces.
2. AI doesn't make intuitive sense to statisticians, or people with a basic understanding of math, so there is a big resistance to some of its messaging, which can come across as oversimplification. For instance, whereas in traditional business-applied stats you can't just add more data in (it has to be cleaned and preprocessed), machine learning allows you to infuse messy, half-complete data and still keep improving the algorithms. I have seen many projects get halted by those in power - who have a vested interest in maintaining an old-school approach to regression modeling and predictions that is vastly outpaced by today's ML/AI capabilities.

I'm sure there are more examples, but hopefully this helps.

AI is generative and hence evolve over the time, with processed information around. However, there are on-ground challenge that requires fine creasing. some of those are mentioned below -
1. Limited visibility of the universe - Its like viewing through a telescope with limited range or focus. Not every factor which has its AI environmental effect, would have embraced AI and hence the output generated is restrictive to the visibility.
2. Human mind - Human mind has evolved over many centuries and hence a lot of queries, expectations are an outcome of synaptic outputs, based on individual wired structure of human being, while AI rely on only the data which it is exposed to derive an output. This leads to fenced answers.
3. Technology block - To get an effective AI driven process, technology of data should be in relationship with each other via API or other modes. Not all data storage process, or function or mode are or can be bridged and hence either dependency or blockage of information makes the output half baked