The line between a simple theme and a framework is as much about product development philosophy and definitions as it is about user workflow. Themes are closer to the typical end user in intent, and are designed to be self-contained, focusing on GUI based customizations. WordPress Frameworks tend to target professional designers and / or developers rather than casual users. They are usually built around a core theme that whose design is often plain. Like most themes, they have GUI settings and options. But, they also allow extensive modifications using hooks and filters that developer find useful.

Frameworks themes are often accompanied by a growing collection of leaner child themes. These provide design variations, and sometimes special functionality for particular markets, such as restaurants. This describes the Genesis approach which also includes a large number of plugins that add extra functionality. If any of its many available child themes fits your needs with little modification other than styling, Genesis is a great choice. There is also a great community and support for anything needing more advanced customization.

LayersWP is a bit of a different animal. It is a framework capable of supporting child themes but also adds a powerful integrated page builder to the equation. Page builders are a relatively newer trend in the WordPress ecosystem. They focus on layout and content of individual pages or posts. Often they include front-end editing capability and drag and drop modules of content. So there are very friendly to DIY non-coders and editors.

Sometimes this comes at a cost. You can be "locked-in" even more by a page builder than with a theme if they use tons of short codes to build your individual pages. And they can add bloat to your source code. Most are available as separate plugins, but LayersWP approach seems to create a much tighter fit and works with widgets to build pages. Their goal seems to be to build a thriving commercial ecosystem of add-ons, styles kits and themes around the free LayersWP core. So, if your site needs a page builder and you can live with being lock-in to its growing ecosystem, layersWP could be your answer.