Question
Would this use a large amount of mobile data?
Would having this running in the background use as much battery power as say Google maps (without ever having to display a map)?
Note:It's okay if the app is measuring in intervals (every 1/8 mile) if that would help reduce the data or battery useage...
Answer
Assuming you are looking for software, not in-car telematics, and you are willing to integrate rather than build it yourself, you could try using ZenDrive. That would give you a lot more than mileage too (eg, driving behavior).